北京孔廟觀孔子雕像

孔子在人們心目中的地位非常高，是春秋時(shí)期的思想家、教育家，也是儒學(xué)派的創(chuàng)始人，儒學(xué)的核心內(nèi)容是仁愛(ài)思想。仁”是一個(gè)內(nèi)涵比較豐富的概念，在孔子思想中占據(jù)至關(guān)重要的地位。它給中國(guó)社會(huì)帶來(lái)了深遠(yuǎn)影響。為紀(jì)念孔子，我國(guó)許多地方都建有孔廟，供奉著孔子雕像。

Confucius is a thinker and educator in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the founder of Confucianism. The core content of Confucianism is benevolence. Benevolence is a concept with rich connotation, which occupies a vital position in Confucius' thought. It has brought far-reaching influence to Chinese society. In memory of Confucius, Confucius temples are built in many places in China, offering Confucius statues.

孔廟，即孔子廟，是紀(jì)念中國(guó)偉大思想家、教育家孔子的祠廟建筑，在中國(guó)各地都有，在歷代王朝更迭中又被稱(chēng)作文廟、夫子廟、至圣廟、先師廟、先圣廟、文宣王廟，尤以文廟之名更為普遍。咱們今天就來(lái)看看四大之一的北京孔廟。

Confucius Temple, or Confucius Temple, is a temple building commemorating Confucius, a great Chinese thinker and educator. It exists all over China, and is also called Confucian Temple, Confucius Temple, Supreme Temple, Xianshi Temple, Xiansheng Temple and Wenxuan King Temple in the change of dynasties, especially in the name of Confucian Temple. Let's take a look at the Confucius Temple in Beijing today.

北京孔廟位于位于北京孔廟位于北京東城區(qū)安定門(mén)內(nèi)國(guó)子監(jiān)街13號(hào)，為中國(guó)古代元、明、清三朝祭祀孔子的場(chǎng)所。占地2.2萬(wàn)平方米，坐北朝南，現(xiàn)有房屋286間，前后共三進(jìn)院落，南北成一條中軸線(xiàn)，中軸線(xiàn)上有大成門(mén)、大成殿、崇圣門(mén)、崇圣祠四座主要建筑。

Beijing Confucius Temple is located at No.13, Guozijian Street, Andingmen, Dongcheng District, Beijing, where Confucius was sacrificed in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties in ancient China. It covers an area of 22,000 square meters and faces south. There are 286 houses with three courtyards in front and back. The north and south form a central axis. There are four main buildings on the central axis: Dacheng Gate, Dacheng Hall, Chongsheng Gate and Chongsheng Temple.

孔廟是祭祀供奉孔子的地方，孔子一直是讀書(shū)人膜拜的的圣人，自古就有文拜孔子的習(xí)俗，孔子是中國(guó)教育的象征，只要是中國(guó)人就沒(méi)有人不知道孔子的。北京的這座孔廟是所有孔廟里等級(jí)最高的，在清朝時(shí)皇帝一登基做的第一件事就是來(lái)孔廟祭拜。

Confucius Temple is a place where Confucius is sacrificed and worshipped. Confucius has always been a saint worshipped by scholars. Since ancient times, there has been a custom of worshipping Confucius in literature. Confucius is a symbol of Chinese education. No one knows Confucius as long as he is a Chinese. This Confucius Temple in Beijing is the highest ranking of all Confucius Temples. The first thing the emperor did when he ascended the throne in Qing Dynasty was to worship Confucius Temple.

孔廟中的孔子雕像是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的孔子像，看上去比原來(lái)更加慈祥，寬鼻、闊嘴、濃眉、長(zhǎng)髯，國(guó)字形臉，眼神比原來(lái)的溫和，是一個(gè)具有山東人相貌特征的忠厚長(zhǎng)者。

Confucius statue in Confucius Temple is a standard Confucius statue, which looks kinder than before, with wide nose, wide mouth, thick eyebrows, long beard, Chinese-shaped face and milder eyes than before. It is a loyal elder with the features of Shandong people.

北京孔廟主體建筑都覆以黃色琉璃瓦，是封建社會(huì)的最高建筑規(guī)制。整座孔廟建筑布局科學(xué)，規(guī)模宏大，彰顯皇家氣派。

The main buildings of Confucius Temple in Beijing are covered with yellow glazed tiles, which is the highest architectural regulation in feudal society. The whole Confucius Temple has a scientific layout and a large scale, highlighting the royal style.